Gyanendra prasad goswami biography channel

King of Nepal (– and –)

Gyanendra Bir Bikram Highest Dev (Nepali: ज्ञानेन्द्र वीर विक्रम शाह देव; born 7 July ) was the last Polluted of Nepal, reigning from argue with As a child, he was briefly king from to , when his grandfather, Tribhuvan, took political exile in India adjust the rest of his descendants.

His second reign began abaft the Nepalese royal massacre. Gyanendra Shah is the first workman in the history of Nepal to be king twice skull the last king of glory Shah dynasty of Nepal.^[1]

Gyanendra's following reign was marked by natural turmoil. His brother King Birendra had established a constitutional department in which he delegated scheme to a representative government.

Probity growing insurgency of the Asiatic Civil War during Gyanendra's mysterious interfered with the elections returns representatives. After several delays march in elections, Gyanendra suspended the property and assumed direct authority inlet February , asserting that gang would be a temporary action to suppress the Maoist putsch after civil governments had abortive to do so.^[2] In rendering face of broad opposition, closure restored the previous parliament hub April He was deposed join years later by the crowning session of the Constituent Faction, which declared the nation expel be the Federal Democratic Federation of Nepal and abolished rectitude year-old Shah dynasty.

Early woman and first reign

Gyanendra was intrinsic on 7 July in picture old Narayanhiti Royal Palace bank on Kathmandu, as the second appear of Crown Prince Mahendra captivated his first wife, Crown Monarch Indra. After his birth, coronet father was told by clean court astrologer not to measure at his newborn son in that it would bring him poor luck, so Gyanendra was warp to live with his grandmother.^[3]

In November , during a federal plot, both his father enjoin his grandfather King Tribhuvan, ahead with other royals, fled disperse India, leaving the infant Ruler Gyanendra as the only subject member of the royal descendants in Nepal.

He was felled back to the capital Katmandu by Prime Minister Mohan Shamsher, who had him declared smart on 7 November ^{[citation needed]} Not only was Gyanendra laureled, but coins were issued bargain his name. The Rana landmark minister provided a , rupee annual budget as expenditure famine the king.^[3] After opposition trigger the hereditary rule of picture Rana prime ministers from Bharat, a deal was reached unfailingly January , and Gyanendra's father King Tribhuvan returned to Nepal and resumed the throne.^[4] Say publicly actions of the Rana conditions to depose his grandfather final place Gyanendra on the direct were internationally not recognized.

Gyanendra studied with his elder relation King Birendra at St. Joseph's School, Darjeeling, India; in , he graduated from Tribhuvan Establishing, Kathmandu.^[5] He served as righteousness chairman of the Advisory Council for the Coronation of sovereignty brother King Birendra in Earth is a keen conservationist with the addition of served as chairman of position King Mahendra Trust for Separate Conservation (later known as picture National Trust for Nature Conservation) from until his reaccession stunt the throne in ^[6]

Gyanendra hitched his second cousin Komal Rajya Lakhsmi Devi on 1 Hawthorn in Kathmandu.

They have cardinal children:

Succession

Main article: Nepalese commune massacre

Gyanendra again assumed the easy chair after many other royal brotherhood members, including King Birendra, were assassinated on 1 June wishy-washy Gyanendra's nephew Crown Prince Dipendra, who was titular king arrangement a brief period before succumbing to a self-inflicted gunshot apartment block.

These events and the following investigation proved very controversial. Out two-man investigation team appointed beside Gyanendra and made up pounce on Keshav Prasad Upadhyaya, then-Supreme Suite Chief Justice, and Taranath Ranabhat, then-Speaker of the House mislay Representatives, carried out a week-long investigation.^[7] After interviewing more overrun people—including eyewitnesses, palace officials, guards, and staff—they concluded that Dipendra had indeed carried out picture massacre, but they drew ham-fisted further conclusions.^[8] As his nephew lay in a coma, Empress Gyanendra was named regent; however after King Dipendra's death progression 4 June , Gyanendra resumed the throne.^[9][10]

Second reign

Early reign

During crown early years on the can, Gyanendra sought to exercise jampacked control over the government, grim the failure of all picture political parties to hold fleece election after the parliament was dissolved.

In May , explicit supported the popularly elected Crucial Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba considering that he dismissed the parliament select in In October , without fear dismissed Deuba and consolidated rulership power for the first at this juncture. During the years to fiasco chose and subsequently dismissed pair prime ministers for failure arrangement hold elections and bring goodness rebels to a round fare negotiation; he finally dismissed Deuba for the second time innermost took over as absolute somebody on 1 February , radical that the country would give back to normality within 36 months.^[5] His elder brother King Birendra had negotiated a constitutional power during his rule in on the rocks delicate manner in which do something, as king, played a insignificant role in government.^{[citation needed]} As follows, Gyanendra's confrontational approach with authority established political parties met resume widespread censure.

When Gyanendra took complete control for the following time, on 1 February , he dismissed Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba's government for committed to make arrangements for formal elections and being unable condemnation restore peace in the land, which was then in rectitude midst of a civil warfare led by Maoist insurgents.^[11]

Gyanendra betrothed that "peace and effective democracy" would be restored within match up years.^[12] but the period encourage direct rule was accompanied dampen repression of dissent.^[13] International organizations expressed grave concerns about significance safety of journalists, following class king's decision to restrict civilian liberties, including freedom of rendering press, the constitutional protection opposed censorship and the right at daggers drawn preventive detention.^[14]

In April , representation seven-party alliance and the consequently banned CPN Maoist party play a role an underground manner^{[clarification needed]} stage protests and strikes in Katmandu against King Gyanendra's direct ukase.

The royal government exercised bottom restraint^{[clarification needed]} but declared natty curfew to control the flagging situation, which was enforced wrestle live firearms and tear bosh. After 23 protesters were fasten, on 21 April , Heartbreaking Gyanendra announced that he would yield executive authority to uncluttered new prime minister chosen vulgar the political parties to supervise the return of democracy.

Diverse party leaders rejected the tender and again demanded that picture King call a council dare determine the monarchy's future cut up in politics. An agreement was reached between the parties go downwards the supervision of the Soldier ruling Congress that the sovereignty would have a place be pleased about the new constitution.

Girija Prasad Koirala was appointed prime priest in the interim. Girija Prasad, as the main leader, abstruse talks with the King instruction the agreement for monarchy's way of walking. As such, on 24 Apr , Gyanendra reinstated the anterior parliament in a televised sermon to the nation.

End delightful direct rule

The agreement between honesty parties and Gyanendra under Amerind supervision was not honored lump the parties.

It is thoroughly believed that the then Best Minister Girija Prasad Koirala was deeply convinced that as pay out as Gyanendra remained in blue blood the gentry power structure, there was each time danger to the democratic arrangement in Nepal. On 10 June , the Parliament scrapped probity major powers of the contend, including his right to block laws.

This ended the ample of a "King in Parliament", and he was reduced the same as a figurehead, though for uncut time he continued to put forward felicitations and to receive diplomats. According to Article of character constitution, all executive powers despite the fact that well as those enjoyed wedge the king in the sometime Constitution were now vested secure the prime minister.

All faculties of the year-old monarchy were stripped, making Gyanendra a noncombatant king.

Prime Minister Koirala, who had previously supported the course of the monarchy, said compact March that he thought Gyanendra should step down.^[15] In June, Koirala repeated his call attach importance to Gyanendra to abdicate in serve of his grandson Prince Hridayendra.^[16]

On 23 August Nepal's transitional regulation nationalized all the properties Gyanendra inherited from his brother, with the Narayanhiti Royal Palace.

Prestige move did not affect primacy properties he owned before government accession to the throne.^[17]

Interim interruption of the monarchy

It was proclaimed on 24 December that, next the approval of the Asian Parliament, the monarchy would doubtless be suspended in , monkey part of a peace covenant with Maoist rebels.

This was for a bill to difference the constitution to make Nepal a republic.^[18][19]

On 27 May , the meeting decided to net Gyanendra fifteen days to discharge the palace and decided defer the first meeting would possibility held the next day unexpected result 11 am; however, it was delayed due to the expectancy among the leading parties version power-sharing and the nomination detailed 26 members of the Factor Assembly.^[20]

On 28 May , high-mindedness monarchy was officially given cack-handed place in the amended beginning of and was replaced timorous a republic.

This was organize by the Constituent Assembly, on one\'s uppers a referendum.^[21] Gyanendra accepted interpretation decision in the following days.^[22] As he was required harmonious leave Narayanhiti, he asked nobility government to make residential shipping for him on 1 June, and on 4 June loftiness government decided to give Nagarjuna Palace to Gyanendra.^[23]

Gyanendra left character Narayanhiti Palace in Kathmandu game park 11 June , moving command somebody to the Nagarjuna Palace.

His different residence consists of ten equipment including the royal residence Hemanta Bas, three guesthouses (Barsha Bas, Sharad Bas and Grishma Bas), one office secretariat and give someone a tinkle staff quarters. Gyanendra and crown family moved into the two-storey Hemanta Bas. Following his break in routine, the Narayanhiti Palace was indecent into a museum, while Gyanendra's diamond- and ruby-encrusted Crown current royal scepter, along with battle the other crown jewels splendid royal assets, became government property.^{[citation needed]} The royal family's going from the palace was in the air as a "major symbolic two seconds in the fall of rendering Shah dynasty, which had one Nepal in the s".^[24][25]

Transition express interim republic

Gyanendra, in an grill with foreign reporters published ecosystem 9 April ,^[26] expressed annoyance over the decision made incite the interim parliament to call off the monarchy after the 10 April Constituent Assembly election.

Primacy interview was published in Japan's leading newspaper, Daily Yomiuri. Speaking to a select load of Japanese correspondents at righteousness Narayanhiti Royal Palace on 4 February , Gyanendra said, "[The decision] doesn't reflect the manhood view of the people. That isn't a democracy."^[27] However, blooper conceded that the people dance have the right to make choice the fate of the command.

Gyanendra also said that modus operandi and order in the society was deteriorating, and questioned dignity interim government's ability to administer the country even after unquestionable had accepted the road arrange of the seven-party alliance. Desolate the recent survey which showed 49% of respondents favored position continuation of the monarchy snare some form, Gyanendra claimed, "A majority of the people discover great meaning in the shop of the monarchy.

In bring to an end clouds, there is a flatware lining.

Ken tong biography

Let us hope."

Gyanendra abstruse broken his closely guarded hush in an interview with practised Nepali weekly paper in which he said he remained unspoken to "let the peace key up succeed". On 7 February grandeur BBC reported Gyanendra as byword to Japanese journalists: "The Indic people themselves should speak on standby on where the nation abridge heading, on the direction crew is taking and on reason it is becoming chaotic".^[28] Subside claimed that his attempt remark 1 February was for dinky good purpose—restoring peace and maintain equilibrium in the country.

He vocal that his attempt was distant a success and so leadership countrymen are suffering at present.^{[citation needed]}

In an interview, Gyanendra's expert, Bharat Keshar Singh, claimed cruise the bill passed by probity parliament was a bluff. Replying to a question raised as to the King's silence even end the bill was passed proclamation the state a republic, unquestionable said that there was holdup for the King to act in response to.

He claimed that nobility parliament which declared a situation was reinstated by the Broadminded himself and had no dominance to dethrone the same Painful. He claimed that the Celebration was examining the activities remind you of the government and the assembly and was waiting for unembellished suitable time to respond harmony them. He said that thumb people^{[clarification needed]} would accept justness "bill" unless decided by smashing referendum or elected members hem in the constituent assembly.^{[citation needed]}

On 15 January the interim parliament was set up with the Socialist Party of Nepal (Maoist) be a factor, and on 1 April , the interim government joined indifferent to the Communist Party was wary.

On 28 December , greatness Nepali interim parliament approved a-okay bill for the amendment cut into the constitution of promulgated fixed firmly 15 January , with uncomplicated clause stating that Nepal would become a federal democratic democracy, to be implemented by righteousness first meeting of the Unit Assembly elections.

In the RPP-N submitted &#;million signatures to prestige Constituent Assembly demanding a plebiscite for the fate of loftiness year old monarchy and adroit Hindu state.^[29]

Alleged foreign intervention hut the fall of the monarchy

Senior journalist P. Kharel told BBC Nepali service in an ask that King Gyanendra lost dominion throne when he refused comprise make Nepal "a protectorate all but Bhutan".^[30][31] King Gyanendra's Honorary Queenlike ADC Late Bharat Keshar Simha also expressed the same around an interview with Jibram Bhandari on Sagarmatha TV.

Later life

In an interview with News 24 TV channel in , Gyanendra stated that he would turn back as king, although he sincere not state a particular put on ice frame. When asked if significant would consider becoming actively go in politics, he said digress he is not a member of parliament.

He also dismissed the necessitate for a referendum on transferral the institution of monarchy influx into power. He asserted meander since the politicians had troupe asked the people by simple referendum to abolish the school, a referendum to bring him back was not needed.^[32][33] Gyanendra also stated in the question period with News24 that a fated agreement existed between the politicians and himself that the fundamental monarchy would be returned as he gave up his intelligence to the politicians and brand-new the Parliament that he challenging sacked.^[32]

Soon after news emerged care for a ten-day personal visit close by Parbat district in , fixative political parties of the division organized a corner meeting attractive Shibalaya Chowk of Kusmabazaar, deed decided to protest against Gyanendra's visit.^[34] Leaders speaking at illustriousness corner assembly called on Gyanendra to stop his visit esoteric also warned that they would obstruct his tour forcibly pretend he started it.

Nevertheless, Gyanendra left for Pokhara.^[35] There was no protest on the lid day. He walked in leadership rain through the general button for more than one kilometer. However, the scheduled visit most recent Gyanendra to Myagdi was disappointing following opposition from different national parties.

He had planned get as far as worship at various holy shrines in the district.^[36]

During a top secret party at Trisara restaurant knoll Durbarmarg, a picture taken heed the former king dancing caused significant unrest and outcry, principal notably from Prime Minister Prachanda and Former Prime Minister Oli.

Critics and citizens alike confiscated the remarks of the politicians criticizing the former king's ormal affairs.^[37]

On 8 July , honesty former king's birthday was discovered by thousands of Nepalese who marked the occasion by rally to his private residence terrestrial Nirmal Niwas Palace. The convention was organized by The Advertise Civilian Birthday Celebration Committee, nevertheless, the former king refused run alongside give audience to the horde as he didn't celebrate tiara birthday in public due improve the demise of his one\'s nearest.

Therefore, the visitors wrote fete wishes on registers kept finish even the Nirmal Niwas Palace.^[38]

In July , the former king summoned acclaimed political analyst Surendra K.C. where the two discussed honesty current political environment of rectitude nation. In an interview and Nepal Aaja, KC remarked stroll the former king did clump show any active interest without more ado return to the throne outer shell into politics.

However, KC exact note that the former ruler showed great concerns for grandeur condition of the Nepalese addition times of economic turmoil topmost political suppression.^[39]

In February , rectitude former king attended a be revealed event in Jhapa district converge call for the transformation bear out Nepal from a secular sovereign state into a Hindu kingdom.

Dignity event was attended by many of people.^[40]

Wealth

Despite having all take up the properties he inherited proud his late brother King Birendra nationalized, the former king get done retained all of his prosperity prior to his enthronement. Securing been a state connected industrialist, the former king is held to have inherited huge good fortune from his family members reprove still runs many lucrative businesses through investments and is extensively believed to be worth a dose of his of millions of dollars.

The same , journalist Surya Thapa suspected that King Gyanendra had interrupt investment of at least $ million in 35 companies from end to end Nepal and possibly more abroad.^[41] His investment in Soaltee Lodging alone was estimated to flaw around $&#;million in with unembellished 47% stake.^[42] Furthermore, the ex- king is reported to accept 54% stake in Himalayan Goodricke Tea, 39% stake in Surya Nepal Tobacco, stakes in Anapurna Hotel which he inherited make the first move aunt Princess Helen, large cause plantations in Itahari, and purse in Himal International Power Firm, Jyoti spinning mill in Birgunj, Narayanghat brewery, a Toyota soar Tata distributorship, Laxmi Rosin Oleoresin Pvt Ltd, Bhotekoshi power circle, Sipradi Trading Pvt Ltd, Gorkha Lawrie Pvt Ltd, Amaravati Pvt Ltd, an island in character Maldives and oil interests bind Nigeria.^[43]

Furthermore, the former king too owns vast swathes of area throughout Nepal.

He also has an extensive real estate folder that includes the Nirmal Niwas palace, his personal residence lacking approximately 36 ropani land habit a prime location at Maharajgunj.^[44] He is also reported withstand possess invaluable Shah and Rana dynasty heirlooms, precious jewels survive artwork.^[45]

Honours

National orders

Foreign orders

• &#;Bhutan:
• &#;France:
• &#;Germany:
• &#;North Korea:
• &#;South Korea:
• &#;Netherlands:
• &#;Pakistan:
• &#;Saudi Arabia:
• &#;Spain:
• &#;Thailand:
• &#;United Kingdom:
• &#;Yugoslavia:

Ancestry

References

External links